2006 Water Quality Monitoring Results for the Upcountry Systems
This water has been tested and meets all Federal and State Standards. The following data is about
your drinking water.
Makawao System
Lower Kula System
Upper Kula System
Makawao System
This water serves: Haiku, Haliimaile, Makawao, Pukalani
| Source Name |
Origin |
Treatment |
| Haiku Well |
Groundwater |
Chlorination |
| Kaupakalua Well |
Groundwater |
Chlorination |
| Wailoa Ditch |
Surface |
Microfiltration, Chlorination |
If a contaminant is NOT SHOWN, IT WAS NOT DETECTED
| Detected Primary Contaminants |
Unit |
Highest Level |
Range |
EPA's Allowable Limits MCL |
EPA's Allowable Limits MCLG |
Typical Source of Contaminant |
Is Your Water Safe? Compliance Met? |
| Detected at the sources |
| Barium |
ppm |
0.003 |
0.002-0.003 |
2 |
2 |
Erosion of natural deposits |
YES |
| Chromium |
ppb |
2 |
ND-2 |
100 |
100 |
Erosion of natural deposits |
YES |
| Nitrates |
ppm |
1.1 |
<0.30-1.1 |
10 |
10 |
Erosion of natural deposits |
YES |
| DBCP(1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane) |
ppt |
17 |
15-17 |
40 |
0 |
Runoff/leaching from soil fumigant |
YES |
| TCP(1,2,3 - Trichloropropane) |
ppt |
120 |
120-130 |
600* |
N/A |
Runoff/leaching from soil fumigant |
YES |
| Detected in the distribution system |
TTHM'S
(Total trihalomethanes) |
ppb |
36 |
2.1-73 |
80 |
N/A |
Disinfection by-product |
YES |
HAA'S
(Haloacetic Acids) |
ppb |
22 |
ND-49 |
60 |
N/A |
Disinfection by-product |
YES |
*Regulated in Hawaii but not by EPA
| Contaminant |
Sample Date |
Unit |
90th Percentile Reading |
Action Level |
# Samples Above Action Level |
| Lead |
2003 |
ppb |
5.6 |
15 |
1 |
| Copper |
2003 |
ppm |
< 0.05 |
1.3 |
0 |
|
Infants and young children are typcially more vulnerable to lead in drinking
water than the general population. It is possible that lead levels at your
home may be higher than at homes in the community as a result of materials used
in your home's plumbing. If you are concerned about elevated lead levels in your
home's water, you may wish to have your water tested. As a general practice,
you should flush your tap for 30 seconds to 2 minutes before using the tap water,
if you have not used it for 4-6 hours. Additional information is available
from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline at 1-800-426-4791.
|
| Microbiological Contaminants Detected in the distribution system |
Unit |
Result |
MCL |
MCLG |
Typical Source of Contaminant |
Is Your Water Safe? Compliance |
| Total Coliform Bacteria |
Pos/Neg |
0.53% Highest monthly percentage of positive samples |
> or = 5% of monthly samples |
0 |
Naturally present in the environment |
YES |
top
Lower Kula System
This water serves: Olinda, Kula Kai, Omaopio, Pulehu
| Source Name |
Origin |
Treatment |
| Piiholo Reservoir |
Surface water |
Direct filtration; chlorination |
If a contaminant is NOT SHOWN, IT WAS NOT DETECTED
| Detected Primary Contaminants |
Unit |
Highest Average |
Range |
EPA's Allowable Limits MCL |
EPA's Allowable Limits MCLG |
Typical Source of Contaminant |
Is Your Water Safe? Compliance |
| Detected at the sources |
| Hexachlorocyclopentadiene |
ppm |
0.1 |
- |
50 |
50 |
Runoff |
YES |
| Detected in the distribution system |
TTHM'S
(Total trihalomethanes) |
ppb |
74 |
35-92 |
80 |
N/A |
Disinfection by-product |
YES |
HAA'S
(Haloacetic Acids) |
ppb |
38 |
18-49 |
60 |
N/A |
Disinfection by-product |
YES |
|
Some people who drink water containing trihalomethanes in excess of the MCL over many years may experience problems
with their liver, kidneys, or central nervous systems, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
|
| Contaminant |
Sample Date |
Unit |
90th Percentile Reading |
Action Level |
# Samples Above Action Level |
| Lead |
2006 |
ppb |
9.65 |
15 |
1 |
| Copper |
2006 |
ppm |
0.10 |
1.3 |
0 |
|
Infants and young children are typcially more vulnerable to lead in drinking
water than the general population. It is possible that lead levels at your
home may be higher than at homes in the community as a result of materials used
in your home's plumbing. If you are concerned about elevated lead levels in your
home's water, you may wish to have your water tested. As a general practice,
you should flush your tap for 30 seconds to 2 minutes before using the tap water,
if you have not used it for 4-6 hours. Additional information is available
from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline at 1-800-426-4791.
|
top
Upper Kula System
This water serves: Kula, Waiakoa, Keokea, Ulupalakua, Kanaio
| Source Name |
Origin |
Treatment |
| Waikamoi/Kahakapao Reservoirs |
Surface water |
Microfiltration; chloramination |
If a contaminant is NOT SHOWN, IT WAS NOT DETECTED
| Detected Primary Contaminants |
Unit |
Highest Average |
Range |
EPA's Allowable Limits MCL |
EPA's Allowable Limits MCLG |
Typical Source of Contaminant |
Is Your Water Safe? Compliance Met? |
| Detected at the sources |
| Barium |
ppm |
0.0039 |
- |
2 |
2 |
Erosion of natural deposits |
YES |
| Chromium |
ppb |
3.4 |
ND-3.4 |
100 |
100 |
Erosion of natural deposits |
YES |
| Detected in the distribution system |
TTHM's
(Total trihalomethanes) |
ppb |
21.1 |
3-38 |
80 |
N/A |
Disinfection by-product |
YES |
HAA'S
(Haloacetic Acids) |
ppb |
18.7 |
3.2-34 |
60 |
N/A |
Disinfection by-product |
YES |
| Contaminant |
Sample Date |
Unit |
90th Percentile Reading |
Action Level |
# Samples Above Action Level |
| Lead |
2005 |
ppb |
5 |
15 |
4 |
| Copper |
2005 |
ppm |
0.33 |
1.3 |
0 |
|
Infants and young children are typcially more vulnerable to lead in drinking
water than the general population. It is possible that lead levels at your
home may be higher than at homes in the community as a result of materials used
in your home's plumbing. If you are concerned about elevated lead levels in your
home's water, you may wish to have your water tested. As a general practice,
you should flush your tap for 30 seconds to 2 minutes before using the tap water,
if you have not used it for 4-6 hours. Additional information is available
from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline at 1-800-426-4791.
|
top
| Definitions |
| MCL |
Maximum Contaminant Level |
The highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in drinking water
MCL's are set as close to the MCLG's as feasible using the best available technology |
| MCLG |
Maximum Contaminant Level Goal |
The level of a contaminant in drinking water below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MCLG's allow for a margin of safety. |
| MF/L |
|
Million Fibers per liter |
| Action Level |
|
The concentration of a contaminant which, if exceeded, triggers treatment or other requirements which a water system must follow. |
| CFU/100 ml |
|
Colony Forming Units per 100 milliliter |
| Mrem/yr |
Millirems per year |
A measure of radiation |
| pCi/L |
Picocuries per liter |
A measure of radioactivity |
| Abbreviations |
|
Compared to |
| ppm |
Parts per million |
milligrams per liter |
One second every 12 days |
| ppb |
Parts per billion |
micrograms per liter |
One second every 32 years |
| ppt |
Parts per trillion |
nanograms per liter |
One second every 32,000 years |
| ND |
Not Detected |
|
|
| NQ |
Not Quantifiable |
|
|
| < |
Less than |
|
|
| NYA |
Not Yet Available |
|
|
